COSTA RICA

July 2003

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Moving up the Pacific coast to the northwest corner of Costa Rica, the rains fall less frequently and so the dense jungle is replaced by a different kind of lowland forest.  The canopy trees are not as tall, thick, and crowded, their trunks draped by fewer vines and epiphytes, the understory is less layered.  Leaves are smaller and thinner, permitting the dry forest more light than the formidable daytime darkness of the rainforest.

 

In an open area we see something large and black disturbing the branches of a tree.  We approach thinking it’s a monkey, but to our surprise it turns out to be a bird the size of a turkey, a Crested Guan, sporting a flashy red dewlap instead of an unstylish wattle.  Not far away we hear the cry of a Roadside Hawk, admonishing us for daring to walk in her woods.

 

 

 

 

 

 

We entered an empty building and searched for snakes.  Looking up to the rafters we found instead a bunch of bats looking down at us.  To me it always seems strange to see bats up close and still during the day, dangling in their wraps instead of flying by in darkness, erratic silhouettes against the night sky. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outside we scanned the wooden walls and stone foundation for any sign of herps, and one at a time they revealed themselves:  a truncated Yellow-headed Gecko, a Black-headed Frog, a male Rose-bellied Fence Lizard, and from under a board, a teeny-tiny Black-headed Snake.

 

 

 

 

Black-headed Frog

Leptodactylus melanonotus

 

  

 

Rose-bellied Fence Lizard

Sceloporus variabilis

 

 

 

 

Black-headed Snake

Tantilla vermiformis

 

 

 

We made our way into the woods, amidst mossy boulders and thorny shrubs, finding an occasional lizard on a tree or a frog on the forest floor.  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Slender Anole (?)

Norops cupreus

 

Whistling Frog

Leptodactylus poecilochilus

 

 

 

 

Not too many herps, so we settled for invertebrates:  Large, round roaches hiding beneath boards; a tree snail on a . . uh . . tree;  butterflies on branches and butterflies on the street, mobbing a meal of delicious dung (obviously taste is in the compound eye of the beholder).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Through the leaves we spotted an Agouti, a large brown rodent the size of a cat, sitting up and nibbling on a snack.  And wading in a still, shallow stream we found a foam nest anchored to a mat of leaves.  Following mating in some species of tropical frogs, the male uses his back legs to whip up a froth from the fluid he deposited during amplexus.  This forms a ball of foam that remains intact for several days, providing protection for the fertilized eggs until tadpoles emerge and slip into the surrounding water.

 

 

 

 

 

 

As we walked along we were periodically followed by Capuchins, obviously disturbed by our intrusion.  They scowled from the branches and called down simian curses upon our heads, but eventually settled down and became philosophic about us bi-pedal primates.

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

After dark we went walking again by the stream, following the sounds of calling frogs and encountering massive, pot-bellied Marine Toads, apparently in search of a meal or a mate, whichever came first.   But so far, no snakes.  At one point Quetzal comes up to me and asks if I’ve had any luck.  I’m just about to reply, “No,” but before the word leaves my mouth, I look down and right at my feet is a snake!  Turns out to be another kind of Cat-eyed snake, the third species of Leptodeira we saw on this trip out of the four found in Costa Rica.

 

 

 

 

Marine Toad

Bufo marinus

 

Tungara Frog

Physalaemus pustulosus

 

 

 

Cat-eyed Snake

Leptodeira annulata

 

 

 

About that same time I hear Ron over the walkie-talkie, telling us he’s found a snake!  Quetzal and I make our way from the stream, cross a clearing, and head down a path on the other side of the forest.  Earlier that day along the same trail Quetzal had spotted a shed skin sticking out of a small hole beneath the twisted roots of a tree.  The shed was about three feet long with two stripes clearly running down the back, and it was fresh, so we dug into the hole in hopes of finding the former owner.  No such luck.  Now Ron’s standing near that same spot holding a snake about three feet long, two stripes clearly running down the back, and shiny skin from a fresh shed.  Such luck!   

 

 

 

 

 

 

Striped Racer

Coniophanes piceivittis

 

 

 

Ron and his luck were also responsible for another find that night, a neonate pit viper he nearly
stepped on. 

 

 

 

 

Slender Hog-nosed Viper

Porthidium ophryomegas

 

After that we decided to hit the road and do some cruising as it began to drizzle.   Picked up a pretty red-and-black banded Snail Sucker, Sibon anthracops, but it escaped before we could take a picture.  So did the next red-and-black banded snake we came upon.  

 

Ron was driving, Quetzal was riding shotgun, and I was in back falling asleep (unfortunately, Monica had to stay behind in Dominical because of work).  Suddenly I’m jolted awake as Ron slams the brakes, and as if someone flipped a switch to spotlight a dark stage, there in the headlights are the bright S-curves of a large Central American Coral Snake, Micrurus nigrocinctus.  We rushed from the car and the snake made a dash for the side of the road.  I tried to pin it with my hook, but the angle was wrong and the snake too slick in the rain;  it slipped right out from underneath my stick and was gone.  I cursed, prayed for a second chance, and vowed to be more precise with my hook the next time, should there be a next time.  

 

 

COSTA RICA

July 2003

 

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Herp Trips